The flow-channel

The balance of challenge and capability ...

Collectively organized groups in modern working environments have to respond to more or less the same type of challenges like the archaic wolfs pack in the free wild nature.
Within western style economies and even more in the emerging Asia a fierce competition among corporations forces them to put the best of the grip on the top position and every one else to the position where he / she fits best in terms of the overall sustaining group success.

But there is more to it. While the single wolf needs not to be motivated to contribute to the packs overall success it is different when it comes to people in a typical working environment.

Much has been written about how to motivate employees, about Douglas McGregors X-, and Y-type employees or William Ouchis Z-type variant. But it was evolutionary biology again which told us, that there is an archaic underlying force on instinct level which highly influenced motivation at work: curiosity.

• Curiosity is a general human trait.
• It can be found with animals as well.
• Evolutionary biology tells us that curiosity is driven by safety needs.
• This means curiosity explores the unknown and hereby generates the necessary safety.
• Successes achieved along this way result in a deep satisfaction, called flow.
• Flow generating works is perceived as being satisfactory.
• Work organized according to the principles of Frederick Winslow Taylor which is reduced to purely operational tasks and stripped off any self controlling elements become routine - or even boring.
• A too demanding (unknown) task however generates uncertainty, uneasy feelings or even fear.
• And there in-between the optimal path is located the flow-channel, where the challenge meets the workers capabilities - and stretched them a little bit; where work is fun.
• Self-determined work in a dynamically changing environment needs to be positioned within the flow-channel.

Working in the flow-state means work is fun. And when challenging and interesting work which drives the workers capabilities to a higher level is experienced as satisfying we finally get the long awaited motivation.
But it is a very intrinsic motivation. You cannot clumsily motivate a person by offering him money or privileges. It will at least not sustain and will not raise his self esteem. Rather it has the smell of being bribable.

Accepting the wide spread insight that motivated workers - flow workers - deliver better results, and contribute more to the collectives common success, we need to tailor the work place and the tasks assigned in a way, that they may enable flow.

Achieving optimal performance in the growing knowledge worker model seems to be highly dependent on reaching the flow state. Traditional leadership styles will probably not be the optimal response to this development. A different way of working will need a different leadership style resulting in a changed corporate culture. The good news is that this culture could well be in line with our basic instincts.

naviMap

Leadership in collectives

There is an ancient heritage that is common to all of us - and even not only to human beings. It is much more archaic more systemic than the obvious commonalities of all humans. It's about the common characteristics of species living in collectively organized groups which gave them an evolutionary advantage.

These systemic roots of collective behaviour have been uncovered by evolutionary biology just a few years ago.
The rules of successful group behaviour
So what are the key success factors of successful leadership in any collectively organized groups - let's simply call them collectives?
Let's first state some guiding principles …

• Good leadership means successful leadership.
• Successful leadership in turn is a leadership which leads to sustaining collective success.
• Successful leadership goes alongside the human instincts - not against them,
• The ranking within a successful group must be determined by the contribution of the individual to the collective's success.
• The chance to reach a higher rank will stimulate the individual's performance.
• Contributions to the collective's success must be rewarded adequately.

These are the roots of collective success (and failure) which have been deeply engraved into the mental firmware of all of us by evolutionary biology.
These are the rules of successful group behaviour in the struggle of live of all collectively organized groups - for a wolfs pack as well.

The Balance of 2 forces determines the group's success

In successful collectives two fundamental forces are carefully balanced: aggression and commitment.

• In successful groups these forces are allowed to unfold unrestrictedly.
• The common principle of leadership through the best permanently questions the established leadership structures.
• Change is driven by aggression of those who see their chance. This is our heritage form evolutionary biology.
• The winner is rewarded by promotion, privileges and / or appreciation,
• The looser is threatened to move in the opposite direction: getting downgraded, stripped off privileges and being less well regarded.
• But the group will only be successful if the looser accepts the winner's victory - because he /she obviously is the better one.
• To make this possible, adequate rituals for self subordination and conciliation need to be in place in order to effectively terminate the rivalry for both parties.
• As a result of this re-ranking from the group perspective the better one has the higher rank enabling him to contribute even more to the collective success.
• On the other hand the downgraded member has accepted the re-ordering. His contribution is not lost. He is still committed to do his best for the collective.
• The recipe for sustaining group success is the careful balance of aggression and commitment.

In a rapidly changing world where the dynamic is high and re-ranking occurs more often, the binding forces based on self subordination and conciliation must be equally strong. A winning individual is not enough; in the end a winning team is required.